Quote:
Originally Posted by Claude_C
There are two layers, one for colours, the other for black and white.
Not sure if it would apply to both layers. Maybe, probably?
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Oh dear.
There are ONLY images with white, black and 14 greys inbetween. The colourisation is a optical addition by your eyes because the "Kaleido" is merely a thin dye in a 2 x 2 pattern overprinting the monochrome pixels. That's why the Carta (1200/1250/1300) ends up being 150 ppi instead of 300 dpi. Your eyes can't see such detail, so the 4 pixels in the 2 x 2 area add together. Pastel red, green, blue, green = white if the underlying pixels are white.
Now white under the pastel red and one green with the black under the other green and blue = pale "primrose" yellow. Unfortunately simple "dark mode", by inversion means (approximately, I may have made mistakes):
yellows -> cyan
cyan -> yellow
green -> Magenta/purplish/violet
Magenta/purplish/violet -> green
blue -> olive
red -> greenish-cyan
Because of the 2 x 2 cell rather than an R G B stripe you don't even get exact complementary colours on the colour wheel.
Some LCDs and OLEDs use the 2 x 2 cell, or more complex ones with white and yellow as well as red green and blue.
Many LCDs are like the Triton eink and use stripes of red green and blue, except instead of square eink pixels the LCD then uses narrow rectangular ones so r_+ g + b widths add to height, so 2002 LCD with 133 dpi is actually 133 dpi vertically and 399 dpi horizontally, overprinted with the RGB stripes.
The Triton and Kaleido eink are simply regular mono eink with a transparent/translucent coloured dye pattern (stripes for Triton and 2 x 2 matrix for Kaleido).
Dark mode only works properly for monochrome text and was designed to save power on OLED. Both colour LCD and colour eink will give sharper text as black text on white background, but some edges might be slightly coloured by 1/4 "colour" pixel which is one real pixel.
On a colour LCD or colour eink it's better to turn down the brightness.
The ACeP/Gallery3 is made by E Ink Corp, but it's not traditional eink because the colour is in each pixel in Cyan, Yellow and Magenta layers. None = White and all three = black, because it's subtractive. Maybe this is why it's about x10 slower, or worse.
These are additive, the pixels are so small the eye mixes (adds) the red green and blue:
Triton & Kaleido eink and LCD are mono displays with a coloured dye filter, like a microscopic stained glass mosaic window.
Large LED panels use real Red, Green and blue LEDs. OLED is coloured pixels, but not real LEDs. They are electroluminescent dots with a phosphor that have a diode characteristic. Sony and some others do make some screens with real LEDs, called Crystal LED.
QLED, curiously are actually mono LCD panels with blue backlighting. Red and green quantum dots on the panel turn the blue light to red or green, and the blue sub pixels are just naked sub-pixels of mono LCD!
LED TVs are often LCD using LED backlighting. They used to use CCFL tubes to backlight.
The Libra Colour is essentially a mono Libra with translucent dots printed direct on the eink panel and a bit complication (probably sorted by the controller chip) so the four sub pixels get the right proportions.